Sacrificial Process

Learning Objective

• The people then killed their animals, and a priest caught the blood of the sacrifice in a basin. Other priests were standing in two lines.
• Sacrificial protection is similar to a displacement reaction with the electrons traveling from the more reactive metal to the steel either directly or through the conducting cable. This reverses the oxidation process. 3Zn (s) 3Zn 2+ (aq) + 6e- Zinc is oxidised as it dissolves.
• Sacrificial layer process with laser-driven release for batch assembly operations Abstract: A dry sacrificial layer process is presented in which microstructures fabricated on UV-transparent substrates are released by excimer laser ablation of a polymer sacrificial material using laser light incident from the reverse side of the substrate.

2: of or relating to a metal that serves as an anode which is electrolytically consumed instead of another metal that is present Other Words from sacrificial Example Sentences Learn More about sacrificial. Of, relating to, or concerned with a sacrifice: a sacrificial offering. Sac′rifi′cially adv. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language. Sacrificial - definition of sacrificial by The Free Dictionary.

• Discuss the common preventative measures that can be taken against corrosion of a metal surface

Key Points

• Three things are necessary for corrosion to occur: an electrolyte, an exposed metal surface, and an electron acceptor.
• Corrosion can be prevented by removing one of these conditions.
• Coating a metal surface with paint or enamel provides a barrier between the metal and the moisture in the environment.
• The process of coating a metal surface with another metal that is more likely to be oxidized is referred to as sacrificial coating.

Terms

• sacrificial coatingA metal coating that is more likely to be oxidized than the metal it protects.
• galvanizeTo coat with a thin layer of metal by electrochemical means; to electroplate.
• electrolyteA substance that, in solution or when molten, ionizes and conducts electricity.

Reviewing Corrosion

We have learned that three things are required for the anodic and cathodic steps of corrosion to occur: an electrolyte, an exposed metal surface, and an electron acceptor. It follows, then, that we can prevent corrosion by removing one of these essential conditions. The simplest condition to remove is the exposed metal surface.

Establishing a Physical Barrier

Coating a metal surface with paint or enamel provides a barrier between the metal and the moisture in the environment, thus removing the opportunity for both oxygen and moisture to come in contact with the metal.

Sacrificial Coatings

The process of coating a metal surface with another metal that is more likely to be oxidized is referred to as sacrificial coating. The corrosion-prone iron alloy steel is commonly coated with zinc, a more active metal, in a process known as galvanizing. Corrosion of the sacrificial zinc results in its oxidation; the iron is reduced, which renders it cathodic and inhibits its corrosion.

A contrast to the previous scenario can be seen when iron or an iron alloy is plated with a less active metal, such as tin. As long as the tin coating remains intact, corrosion is not possible. If, however, the tin coating becomes degraded, exposing the underlying metal, corrosion will occur. This is because the exposed iron undergoes oxidation and is rendered anodic. The tin accepts electrons from the oxidized iron, and the three criteria for corrosion are met.

Cathodic Protection

Another way to protect against corrosion is to confer a continuous negative electrical charge on a metal. This method is referred to as cathodic protection. Cathodic protection replicates the effects of a sacrificial coating but with a more active metal. The source of negative charge is usually an external direct-current power supply. Cathodic protection is used to protect underground fuel tanks and pipelines, among other things.

Passivation

Passivation is a process through which a thin film of corrosion products builds on a metal surface to serve as a barrier against oxidation. The formation of a passivation layer is affected by environmental pH, temperature, and chemical conditions. The Statue of Liberty, for example, is coated with a blue-green patina caused by several chemical reactions, which serves to protect the copper metal underneath.

Anodization

Anodization is another surface treatment that protects against corrosion. The metal to be protected is bathed in a specific substance, and electrochemical conditions are adjusted such that uniform pores several nanometers wide appear in the metal’s oxide film. These pores allow an oxide film, thicker than a passivation layer, to build up. The resultant protective layer is very hard and very resilient.

Sacrificial Anode Protection

Using the same principle as sacrificial film coating, a sacrificial anode, made of a metal more active than the metal you want to protect, can be used to prevent corrosion on submerged or buried metal structures. The sacrificial anode will corrode before the metal it is protecting does. However, once the sacrificial anode corrodes, it must be replaced; otherwise, the metal it is protecting will begin to corrode as well.

Corrosion presents a real threat to the integrity of personal property as well as to that of bridges, roads, and other public infrastructures. Understanding and implementation of strategies that prevent corrosion will decrease both the economic and safety-related damages associated with the process.

Apocalypto Sacrificial Procession

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Sacrificial Process Meaning

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Sacrificial Metal Process

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